Is My Machine OK?

A Brief Introduction to Machinery Monitoring
Why Do We Monitor Machines?
Assessing Process Machinery
Monitoring Systems
Medical Monitoring Analogy
Some Basic Advice

General Machinery Monitoring Guidance
Where to Start?
When Should a Machine Be Considered Critical Enough to Justify Continuous Monitoring?
Machinery Monitoring Recommendations Based on Criticality
Simplified Method of Economic Justification

Machinery Assessment Steps
The Machinery Assessment Maze
What Machine Iinformation Do I Need Before Getting Started?
What Analysis Equipment Do I Need?
The Potential to Failure Time Interval

Machinery Data Analysis
Pattem Recognition
Trends
Correlations
Combination Trends
Some Rules of Thumb

How to Audit Operating Machinery
Field Audit Form

Risk Ranking Machinery Issues
Recommendations and Risk Ratings

How to Assess Centrifugal Pump Performance
Why Use Centrifugal Pumps?
Head Versus Pressure
Centrifugal Pump Performance

How to Conduct a Steam Turbine Field
Inspection
Steam Turbine Types
What is the Steam Turbine Speed Telling You?
Assessing Steam Turbine Vibrations
Steam Turbine Temperature Assessment
Common Govemor Control Problems
Other Inspections
Good Rules of Thumb for Steam Turbines

AC Electric Motors
Controls
Instrumentation
The Effects of Voltage Unbalance
Insulation Classes and Their Thermal Ratings
Re-greasing Electric Motors
Unique Vibration Characteristics of Electric Motors
Notes About Motors
Useful Electric Motor Formulas and Tables

Allowable Piping Vibration and Dynamic Strain
Dynamic Strain and Stress Guidelines

Data Collection Tips
Common Types of Field Sensors
What Vibration Sensor Should I Use?
What Are the Components of Vibration?
Guidelines for Accelerometer Usage
Accelerometer Measurement Locations
Vibration Analysis Tips

Machine Vibration Severity Guides
Velocity Guidelines
Acceleration Guidelines
Vibration Guidelines for Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration
Vibration Guidelines for Displacement Measurements in Fluid Film Bearings
Vibration Guidelines for Reciprocating Compressors and Engines

Basic Vibration Analysis Part I
Common Machinery Problems Associated with Vibration

Basic Vibration Analysis Part II
Vibration Analysis Terms and Tables
Examples of Real Vibration Spectra

Detection of Machinery Faults Using Utrasonics
Monitoring Bearing and Lubrication Condition
Monitoring Reciprocating Machinery
Other Applications

Dynamic Pressure Measurements
Pressure Transducer Installation
Piezoelectric Transducers
Allowable Pulsation Levels for Reciprocating Compressors
Allowable Pulsation Levels for Reciprocating Pumps

How to Identify Machinery, Piping, and Acoustic Resonances
Rotor Critical Speeds
Identifying Piping Resonances
Identifying Critical Speeds and Resonances
The Quality Factor or Q

Temperature Limits
How Do Infrared Thermometers Work?
Bearing Temperature Trending
Bearing Temperature Guidelines
Compressor Temperature Monitoring
K Values for Common Gases

Lubrication
Lubrication Overview
Key Steps to aCost-Effective and Reliable Lubrication Program
Oil Analysis Limits and Targets
Cleanliness Codes

Machinery Rules of Thumb
Alignment
Balancing
Static Shaft Bow
Mechanical Seal Misalignment Guidelines
Joumal Bearing Clearance
Piping Guidelines
Centrifugal Pump Wear Rings

Lean Equipment Compliance
Applying TPM to Industrial Equipment
Applying Poka-Yoke
Management Audit and Follow-Up
Glossary of Lean Equipment Compliance (LEC) Terms

Final Thoughts
Importance of Adding Value
Keys to a Successful Machinery Assessment Program
Ethics and Intellectual Dishonesty
Go Forth and Analyze

Appendix A: Glossary of Machinery Assessment Terms
Appendix B: Useful Conversions and Equations
Index